2013年AP力学（选择题+简答题）真题及答案下载（PDF）
2013年AP力学（选择题+简答题）真题及答案下载（PDF）
以下真题为2013年AP力学选择题真题：
An object of mass 10 kg starts from rest at time t=0 and moves in a straight line. For time t>0,the object’s velocity v as a function of time t is given by v=2t+3t2, where v is in m/s and t is in seconds.
1. How far does the object travel during the first 10 s of its motion?
(A) 62 m
(B) 320 m
(C) 383 m
(D) 1100 m
(E) 1600 m
2. What is the instantaneous net force that acts on the object at t = 2s ?
(A) 140 N
(B) 160 N
(C) 320 N
(D) 1280 N
(E) 2560 N
3. How much work is done by the net force between t = 0 and t = 1 s ?
(A) 5 J
(B) 50 J
(C) 125 J
(D) 250 J
(E) 500 J
4. Persons X, Y, and Z walk along a circular path of radius 50 m. Person X walks halfway around the path, Person Y walks 3/4 of the way around the path, and Person Z walks completely around the path. Which of the following correctly lists the walkers in order of the magnitudes of their displacement vectors from the least to the greatest?
(A) X<Y<Z
(B) X<Z<Y
(C) Y<X<Z
(D) Y<Z<X
(E) Z<Y<X
5. A small particle starts from rest from the originof an xy-coordinate system and travels in the xy-plane. Its acceleration in the x-direction is 2.0m/s2,and its acceleration in the y-direction is 1.0m/s2. What is the x-coordinate of the particle when its y-coordinate is 12 m?
(A) 3.0 m
(B) 6.0 m
(C) 12 m
(D) 24 m
(E) 48 m
6. If the speed of an object moving in a straight line is increasing at a constant rate, the net force acting on the object is
(A) zero
(B) constant, but not zero
(C) decreasing at a constant rate
(D) increasing at a constant rate
(E) changing at a rate proportional to the average velocity
7. A force F accelerates a system of two blocks, X and Y, on a horizontal frictionless surface, as shown above. The acceleration is 4m/s2. The force with which block Y pushes on block X has magnitude
(A) zero
(B) 6 N
(C) 8 N
(D) 16 N
(E) 24 N
8. A hoop of mass m and radius r rolls with constant speed on a horizontal surface without slipping. What is the hoop’s translational kinetic energy divided by its rotational kinetic energy?
(A) 4
(B) 2
(C) 1
(D) 1/2
(E) 1/4
余下AP力学真题选择题省略!
以下真题为2013年AP力学简答题真题：
Mech. 1.
A ball of mass m and cross-sectional area A is released from rest near the surface of Earth. The ball experiences a resistive force due to the air that is proportional to the ball’s velocity,Fr=-bAv, where b is a positive constant. Determine all algebraic answers in terms of m, b, A, and fundamental constants.
(a) Draw free-body diagrams for the ball for the following situations. Give each vector a descriptive label anddraw them approximately to scale.
(b) Calculate the terminal velocity vT of the ball.
(c) Starting from Newton’s laws, derive an expression for the time required for the ball to reach one third the terminal velocity.
(d) Sketch the following two graphs of the ball’s motion from when the ball is released at time t=0 until it approaches terminal velocity.
Mech. 2.
A 0.30 kg cart moving at 2.0 m/s to the right collides with a 0.10 kg cart, initially moving at 3.0 m/s to the left.After the collision, the 0.10 kg cart moves to the right with a speed of 1.2 m/s. Assume friction is negligible.
(a) Calculate the magnitude and direction of the velocity of the 0.30 kg cart after the collision.
(b) Is this an elastic collision? Justify your answer.
The 0.30 kg cart is now removed. The 0.10 kg cart continues to move to the right and then collides with and compresses an ideal spring whose right end is attached to a fixed wall.
(c) Calculate the potential energy of the spring when it reaches maximum compression.
(d) The maximum compression of the spring is 0.10 m. Calculate the spring constant of the spring.
(e) Suppose instead that the spring is nonlinear such that the force F due to the spring when it is compressed a distance x is F=-bx3. Calculate the value of the constant b if the spring is compressed 0.10 m.
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